The status quo of IPv6 development may not be as good as ours

Pv6 is an abbreviation of Internet Protocol Version 6, which is a next-generation IP protocol that replaces the current version of IPv4. At the beginning of the birth of IPv4, the theoretical design capacity can accommodate about 3.5 billion IP addresses. At that time, these massive addresses were considered sufficient. With the rapid development of the Internet, it was soon found that the existing addresses were far from satisfying the demand.

In early 1995, the IETF proposed IPv6. IPv6 not only complements the existing IPv4 defects, but also the most important thing is to provide a large number of IP addresses and solve the problem of depletion of IPv4 addresses. Developed countries such as Europe and the United States have great advantages in the early days of Internet development, and allocated a large number of IPv4 addresses. However, the Internet in developing countries such as China started late, and the allocated IPv4 addresses are few.

In February 2011, IANA has allocated the last two "/8" address segments of its IPv4 address space segment. After IPv4 allocation is completed, China has fewer IPv4 addresses, but China's Internet has been fast in recent years. Rise, IPv4 addresses are simply not enough.

The status quo of IPv6 development may not be as good as ours

In response to this situation, China proposed a plan to develop IPv6 as early as 2003, and built a national education network based on IPv6 for use by universities and colleges. Major network vendors also implemented IPv4 and IPv6 on devices. European and American countries are not active in introducing IPv6. They have a large number of IPv4 addresses available, and there is no shortage of addresses at all. There is no driving force at all. But China is different. Seeing that IPv4 addresses are not available, we are actively promoting and promoting the landing of IPv6 networks. In fact, after several years of promotion, there are very few IPv6 networks deployed in actual applications. The voice of IPv6 is getting smaller and smaller, so that it has rarely been mentioned in the past two years.

However, in the past two years, we suddenly discovered that European and American countries and even some developing countries have already reached us in IPv6. The number of IPv6 users in the world has accounted for 14% of the total number of Internet users in the world. Europe, America and Japan are far away from the deployment of IPv6. Leading, some developing countries such as India and Vietnam are also at the forefront of IPv6 applications. As of the end of December 2017, the number of IPv6 users in China ranked 14th, even less than India and Vietnam. China's IPv6 user penetration rate ranks 67th, and the proportion of IPv6 users accounts for only 0.39% of domestic Internet users, indicating that the actual application level of IPv6 in China is very low. As a large country with the largest number of Internet users, such a low IPv6 penetration rate makes How can we feel that? The United States has positioned the network upgrade to IPv6 as a national-level strategic deployment, and has been firmly implemented. The number of IPv6 users in the United States has accounted for 37% of the total number of Internet users, ranking second in the world. In terms of IPv6, China has fallen behind again.

Why did China's IPv6 start early and catch up with the late episode.

The first is the benefits, and the operators are also the pursuit of self-profit. The existing infrastructure investment has been built for decades and is built according to the IPv4 network protocol. It costs more than one trillion yuan, and the cost of upgrading to IPv6 is undoubtedly an astronomical figure. From the backbone network to the metropolitan area network, it needs full support, authentication, billing, and user access gateway equipment must be invested on a large scale, and the funding gap is very large. The more scarce resources are more valuable, the shortage of IPv4 addresses has become a top priority for operators. It is more difficult to get public IP from operators. The IPv6 address is too much, and it is worthless. Every grain of the world can be assigned an address so that operators can use the manual public IP to gain benefits.

Secondly, the entire IPv6 port in China has not been opened yet, and the international bandwidth is not big enough. Foreign IPv6 services have not landed in China. The migration of IPv6 on applications and websites is seriously lagging behind. There are too few terminals supporting IPv6. These have seriously dragged down China. The hind legs of IPv6 development.

The third is that although China has proposed to vigorously promote the construction of IPv6, the IPv6 technology at that time was not mature enough. The core technology of the network is still in Europe and America. The European and American network vendors do not respond positively, making it difficult for China's IPv6 to be deployed. At that time, the technology of domestic network vendors was still relatively weak. Even IPv4 could not take care of it. Busy and European and American manufacturers grabbed the market and could not consider IPv6 at all, so IPv6 was delayed. When we reflect it, the European and American countries have come to the forefront and will once again fall behind us.

Fortunately, in the past two years, China has realized this problem, especially the emergence of cloud computing, big data, and new technologies of the Internet of Things. The introduction of IPv6 is even more urgent. We always say that we must vigorously develop the Internet of Things, but the foundation of the development of the Internet of Things is the Internet of Everything. The basis of the interconnection of all things requires an IP address. The IP address is used to identify the identity of each object. IPv4 is obviously not enough, and IPv6 must be introduced. This time, it should be true. In November 2017, the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council issued the Action Plan for Promoting the Scale of Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6), which proposed to use the next five to 10 years to form the next generation. The Internet's independent technology system and industrial ecology have built the world's largest IPv6 business application network.

In the "13th Five-Year Plan" and "National Informatization Plan" issued by the State Council, it is also explicitly mentioned that by 2018, China's IPv6 will be deployed and commercialized on a large scale. By 2020, the Internet will be fully upgraded to IPv6. Recently, major operators have also investigated internally to support IPv6 in network devices in order to prepare for the transition to IPv6 networks, and the number of IPv6 network construction projects has also increased. A number of excellent network vendors such as Huawei and ZTE have emerged in China, and their IPv6 technology accumulation is not weaker than that of Europe and the United States. It also has a certain voice in the development of IPv6 standards, which provides a reliable guarantee for the deployment of IPv6.

We are already behind in the first half of the IPv6 competition, but we are still far from reaching the end. We still have a lot of opportunities to catch up. Some people think that we are already behind in IPv4 and IPv6, so we should switch to IPv9. IPv9 is derived from China and is based on the essence of IETF's RFC1606 and RFC1607 documents. It uses proprietary intellectual property rights and IPv9 protocol based on decimal algorithm (0-9), but this standard is still controversial. The application value and compatibility with other networks are still in the research stage, and have not been widely recognized internationally, and are still in the theoretical stage, and the future prospects are unknown.

So you still have to be down-to-earth to do IPv6 and then consider IPv9. Just like doing mobile networks, from 2G, 3G to 4G, and now 5G, 2G to 4G, we have always been a follower. By 5G, we have become a true standard-setting participant and have taken the lead in the field of mobile communications. In the wired network, we must first do IPv6. Maybe IPv6 is not the end of the network. IPv6 also has many problems of its own protocol, and it needs to be continuously developed. Then we will do a good job of IPv6 and then consider the latter things.

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