Introduction to CCTV Monitor When CCTV Monitor is connected to a camera or a VCR, the live or recorded image will be displayed on the Monitor, just like the TV screen you usually see. How is the image formed?
Operation principle of image formation After the video signal is input to the monitor, the monitor must separate and decode this composite signal (comp. Site signal). Mainly separate R, G, B three primary color signals and H (horizontal), V (vertical) two synchronization signals. The R, G, and B primary color signals are decoded and amplified to push the cathode of the CRT to release the electron beam. This electron beam hits the phosphor after passing through the Mask and produces bright spots. The two synchronous signals H (horizontal) and V (vertical) are respectively amplified to make the deflection coil of the monitor generate a scanning current. The magnetic force generated by this current drives the direction of the electron beam. Such cooperation is what we see!
Display (Display) classification The types of screens on the market include the most familiar TV screens, as well as personal PC Monitors and Monitors in the CCTV industry. And Yingmu is divided into several types, such as general CRT tube screen and new popular LCD display screen, etc. The following is a more detailed classification: Basically, the monitor screen is divided into luminous type and non-luminous type.
1. Luminous
1. CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) cathode ray pipeline
2. VFD (VACuum FIuorescent DispIay) fluorescent display tube
3. LED (Light Emitter DispIay) light emitting diode
4. PDP (PIasma DispIay PaneI) plasma display panel
5. EL (EIectro Luminecent) electro-optical panel) Among them, CRT is the most commonly used screen image tube for CCTV monitors. In addition, VFD is similar to CRT, which is mostly used for small tubes and digital displays; PDP has AC and DC types, with high brightness and multiple The color and high-resolution intrusion points are often used in the instrument version of fighter planes: EL was invented by Destriau of France in 1935. There are AC and DC types and organic and inorganic types. It can be used as a light source for LCD. It is flexible, flexible, colorful, low-cost, light, thin, and power-saving. It is commonly used in cold-light dashboards on vehicles.
2. Non-luminous type
This type of screen itself does not have a light-emitting function, including:
1. LCD (Liquid CrystaI DispIay) liquid crystal display
2. ECD (EIectro Chromic ChemicaI DisPIay) Electrochemical coloring display
3. EPID (EIectrophoreTIc IndicaTIon DispIay) Electrophoretic display LCD is a relatively new screen display method, which has the advantages of power saving and thinness. The PC Camera is the LCD, and some CCT VM Monitors are also beginning to adopt it. Although LCD is the trend of monitor screens, it still cannot replace the traditional CCTV Monitor. Because the LCD itself does not emit light, if it is installed outdoors, it cannot be recognized. In addition, the LCD has a problem with the viewing angle. If the angle is skewed, it will not be clear. Most monitors are placed outdoors and the viewing distance is long, and the device LCD Monitor will cause the above-mentioned problems. In addition, ECD belongs to electrochemistry, which uses redox method, and can be colored and decolored (On, O to achieve the display effect. At present, only CRT, LED, LCD, PDP can achieve high resolution requirements; VFD can meet the requirements of high brightness; CRT, LED, VFD, EL, LCD can meet the requirements of multi-color.
System classification one, power system
1. Voltage system: 100V. 127V. 220V. 260V
2. Frequency system: 50 / 50Hz
3. Plug types: A, B, C, D, E, F and other six types. Due to the different voltage systems, frequency systems, and plug types in various regions, the manufacture of monitors must meet the standards of each region and produce monitors of different specifications. For example, the voltage system of Australia and South Africa is as high as 250V. If you want to export to Australia and South Africa, you must produce products that meet 260V. The same is true in terms of frequency and plug type. In some countries, the plug is a 3-hole plug, and Taiwan next year requires that all new buildings be changed to a 3-hole plug, which is more in line with electricity safety.
Second, the color system
There are 3 color methods in the world, namely NTSC method, L method and SECAM method, color method and adopted countries are as follows:
1. NTSC: NaTIOnaI TV Svstem Committee, FH (Horizontal) horizontal frequency: 15.7 KH z, FV (VErTIcal Frequency) vertical frequency: 60 Hz, Burst (color signal): 3.58 MHz Adopt countries including the United States, Canada, Guatemala Latin America, Taiwan, Japan, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Mexico, etc.
2. PAL: PhaSe AIternating Line, FH: 15.625KHz, FV: 50Hz, Burst: bucket. The countries that adopt 3MHz include the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Australia, Switzerland, Sweden, Denmark, West Germany, Norway, Belgium, Spain, Portugal and their territories, such as Hong Kong and Indonesia, which were once territories. (Free European countries except France) The PAL system is the system adopted by the most countries in the world, and the paL system is divided into several systems. For example, the PAL developed by China is self-developed. D system, the British and German are PAL. B or PAL. G system. 3. SECAM: SequentiaI CoIor And MOduIation, FH: 15.625KHz, FV: Main OHz The adopted countries include France, Soviet Russia, Dianli, East Germany, Bulgaria, Poland. (The main regions are France and Eastern European countries). From the above, we know that the systems in each region are not the same, and because the Middle East is affected by garrisons from various countries, it includes several or more systems. In order to adapt to different systems in various countries, the more advanced CCTV Monitor is currently developing towards multiple systems, which can not only meet the needs of exporting to multiple countries, but also reduce inventory pressure. In terms of selling price, the monitors of multi-system monitors and the monitor prices of single-system monitors are different.
3. Scanning system
1. InterIace: Interlaced scan, such as NTSC, L, 1Frame: 2FieId, NTSC has 307 fixed screen / SEC. InterIace is when two FieIds stand up to form a picture, which is prone to flickering in writing. The general TV uses InterIace, but because of the distance and dynamic writing, it does not feel the flickering. InterIace than Non. InterIace can achieve a higher resolution.
2. Non. InterIace: Non-interlaced scans, such as: VGA, 1 Frame: 1FieId, non-interlaced non-interlaced scans, such as computer screens in the office.
Four, color temperature
In order to have a unified color standard, Monitor has formulated a color temperature and digitized the color, as shown in the ☆ Q, coordinate chart set by the International Lighting Association, using X and Y coordinates to show the standard range of colors. The color seen by the human eye differs depending on the color of the eyeball and the age of the race. For example, the white color seen by the Western blue eyeball will be slightly reddish, while the white color seen by the Oriental black eyeball will be slightly blued. So there is: 1. 9300. K: Oriental Black Eyeball, at 0300. Under the K color temperature, it is 2.5500 white that is seen by the oriental black eyeball. K: Western blue eyeball, at 5500. At K color temperature, it is the white color seen by Western blue eyeballs.
5. Geomagnetism
In addition to the different magnetic fields of the north and south dipoles on the earth, it also includes other small magnetic fields, with a total of 57 solid magnetic poles. The difference in the magnetic field will affect the CRT Monitor's electron beam operation. Therefore, the Monitor must adjust the magnetic field suitable for the local area in different regions, otherwise the picture will be bent, tilted or blurred. At present, Philips (PhiIips) CRT technology can be suitable for any region.
6. Bandwidth and resolution
1. Band Width: MHz Resolution: BW × SO: TVL The so-called bandwidth is like the size of a tube, the amount of data that can be accessed. For example, the bandwidth of the NTSC system is the narrowest, and the highest is only 6MHz: the PAL system can be up to 7MHz: the YC signal can be up to 10MHz: and the computer's VGA signal can be up to O. 200MHz. The resolution is calculated according to the bandwidth × 80. For example, NTSC system is 6 × 80-480, the highest resolution is 480: PAL system is 7 × 80: 560, and the highest resolution is 560.
Seven, control methods
Refers to the controllable methods on Monitor, including: VR: VariabIe Resistance variable resistance type. As an analog method, it is usually controlled by manual knob. DigitaI: digital control. After digitizing the control signal, it is easy to do various processing, such as memory storage, and can reduce the problem of poor reliability of VR parts. SD: Screen DispIay. For example, on the TV screen, there are symbols, such as volume, color, channel selection, etc., and PCMonitor operates directly on the screen, and CCTVMonitor is also developing in this direction.
8. Input signal
CVBS: COmp. site Video Bar SignaI. . 728 (Video) ten 0.272 (Sync.): 1 Vp. p CVBS is the most commonly used input signal for general video recorders or cameras, and also the most common input signal. The signal size is 1 Vp. One input impedance: 75 Q and Hi. Impedance makes the crane connected in series. "Currently, CCTV M0nitor has input impedance switching SW. It is mainly used when a camera must be connected to more than two monitors. Y / C signal: Y: Luminance, C: CoIor. Y / The C signal is a high-resolution signal that separates the luminance and color signals. At present, the newer technology Monitor can be used for this signal.
Nine, CRT
TV. Grade: 14 ": O. 63mm screen pitch, TV level 1 bucket" CRT dot pitch is O. 63mm, currently 90% of CCTV Monitor is of this lower resolution level. . . . . . Hi. ResoIution: 14 ": O.28mm screen foot player 19: O.27mm screen pitch PC monitor is mostly 14 .. O.28mm screen pitch, high resolution, or 1977t O.27mm screen pitch popular in recent years. Currently low resolution The price of the high-resolution CRT is almost the same, so now the new CCTV Monitor has begun to use 1 bucket n: 28mm screen distance CRT.
Ten, system matching
1. With Quad 2. WithtCher 3. Sp. t. utput Generally, multiple cameras will be equipped with a quad splitter or platform jumper, and then used by the Monitor. Some monitors now include the functions of quad split and platform jump. In addition, Sp. The Monitor with t Output function can be connected to 2 signals, and the platform can be selected manually.
11. Black and white system BIA: EIectronics IndHstry Association is like a color signal NTSC system. There are 525 EIA scan lines. 2. CCIR: COInmittee ConsuItatif InternationaI Des Radiocommunique is like a color signal PAL system. There are 625 CCIR scan lines.
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