As my family wagon evolved into a home theater, I needed more USB ports. I need at least two USB ports for the front passengers, but I also want the rear passengers to upload different content (music, video) to the car audio. Some cars currently have USB charging ports for the second and third row of passengers, allowing these passengers to enjoy music and video on their seats. However, in the near future, I hope to receive data from these locations as well.
However, it turns out that my wishes are still very difficult to achieve. Current hubs transfer data signals over long distances, but they do not implement the USB-like (OTG) or similar technology required for common smartphones. Designers of USB-compatible hubs face significant challenges when trying to find an alternative way to circumvent this lack of functionality. Designers can use switches to flip the upstream port to the downstream port, but this can have a negative impact on signal integrity.
This challenge has spawned the need for a new two-way re-driver. A bidirectional re-driver must analyze the signal in real time, determine the host and device side, determine the direction of the data, and compensate for signal loss. This feature requires both analog and digital technologies.
As a user, I hope that the connected device will have sufficient receiving sensitivity to accept the signal of the 3m short cable. In fact, I want the signal to be freely transmitted between the car audio of the family wagon and the third row of seats!
Figure 1: TUSB211-Q1 improves the rising edge of the near-end eye diagram with a 3m cable
In order to achieve this, my system still needs a two-way USB 2.0 re-driver. TI has introduced the first such re-driver, the TUSB211. It is compatible with all existing standards, such as BC 1.2 and OTG, as well as previous standards such as USB 1.0 and 1.1. As shown in Figure 1, designers using bidirectional re-drivers such as the TUSB211-Q1 can find significant improvements to the near-end eye diagram. The rising edge is now clearly passed through the eye diagram test.
After many years of dealing with the USB interface, I have found that after designers complete the first prototype, they often recognize the need to reroute the drive if they encounter signal integrity issues. The unique design of the TUSB211 allows users to easily add it to the system after recognizing the need for a re-driver, rather than having to decide if it needs to be used early in the design process. You can design and complete the board layout with the pads for the TUSB211, and then decide whether to assemble the re-driver after the prototype test results. After you have obtained the test results and have decided to add a re-driver to the PCB, you only need to install it; there is no need to cut the transmission line. As shown in Figure 2, this is what we call a straight-through package.
Figure 2: For ease of modification, the TUSB211 is designed to run on a printed circuit board (PCB) without assembly.
This re-driver has helped me a lot in helping me achieve more in-vehicle high-speed data ports. It can also be used in other applications where users want to extend USB 2.0 transmission distance, including home entertainment systems, industrial automation, and more. In these applications, you can cascade the devices together to further extend the cable's transmission distance.
Please leave us a message below and tell us which applications you would most like to use for the two-way transfer drive.
Other resources
Read the TUSB211 and TUSB211-Q1 Redriver Data Sheets.
Learn more about TI's USB signal conditioning portfolio.
Download the white paper, "Active USB Cable for Automotive Applications."
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