Apple's spring release pre-heating news: a new generation of iPhone7 amplification will be equipped with wireless charging, fruit powders no longer have to worry about going out without a data cable. Do you know what it sounds like wireless charging technology? Come and solve it together!
Wireless charging principle
From the basic principle, wireless charging is divided into two types: electric field coupling and magnetic field coupling. The corresponding energy transmission devices are capacitors and inductors.
(1) Electric field coupling:
The electric field coupling method is represented by Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Japan. In this type of wireless charging technology, two (or two) independent capacitor plates are installed in the transmitter and receiver respectively. When the transmitter is close to the receiver, the two sets of capacitor plates form two capacitors. The high-frequency, high-voltage alternating current is passed through the capacitor to realize the transmission of electric energy from the transmitting side to the receiving side.
A charger or "transmitter" and portable device or "receiver" are used to effectively achieve longitudinal quasi-electrostatic coupling between suitably sized metal surfaces that make up the capacitor. The drive electrode or the active electrode is smaller than the other electrode, and the applied voltage is higher, and the other electrode is a passive electrode, which has a longer size and a lower voltage. Of course, under normal circumstances, the energy transmitted by the capacitor is very small, which has a great relationship with the small electrode area. Therefore, in order to meet the power level required to charge a consumer device (eg, from 5W to 25W), it is necessary to increase the electrode size and the coupled voltage value, depending on the actual configuration.
In order to achieve wireless transmission and reception between the coupling electrodes while minimizing the amount of external radiation, it is necessary to design correctly. Therefore, it is necessary to further understand and determine the correct electrode size, their design, operating voltage, power value, optimal operating frequency and total size constraints. In general, the ideal frequency range is between 200kHz and 1MHz, and the effective coupling region has a voltage between 800V and 1.52kV.
(2) Magnetic field coupling:
At present, the wireless charging technology for mobile phones and the wireless charging technology for electric vehicles are more widely designed by the principle of magnetic field coupling, and the energy transmission medium is an inductor. A planar coil inductor is mounted on the transmitter and receiver, respectively. The transmitting side inductive coil is used to generate an exciting magnetic field, and according to the law of electromagnetic induction, when the receiving side coil is in this magnetic field, a voltage is generated on the receiving side.
The wireless charging technology of the magnetic field coupling principle is closer to the conventional resonant switching power supply.
advantage
1. The device using wireless magnetoelectric induction charging can be invisible, the equipment wear rate is low, the application range is wide, the area of ​​the public charging area is relatively reduced, but the reduced footprint share is not too large.
2, high technical content, easy to operate, can implement relatively long-distance radio energy conversion, but the transmission distance of high-power wireless charging is limited to within 5 meters, not too far.
3. Easy to operate.
Disadvantage
1. Although the technical content of the equipment is high, the economic cost of the equipment is high and the maintenance cost is large.
2. Due to the realization of long-distance high-power wireless magnetoelectric conversion, the energy consumption of the device is high. As the distance and power of the wireless charging device increases, the wear and tear of the useless power will also increase.
3. The wireless charging technology device itself realizes the secondary energy conversion, that is, after the network power is stepped down (or directly) into a direct current, a higher frequency switching control AC conversion output is performed. Since the high-power AC-DC current conversion is the cause of the secondary wireless transmission of electric energy, the electromagnetic magnetic loss rate of the electromagnetic is too large.
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