Scientists at the University of Tokyo in Japan are working on a robot that can track odor information. Currently, they use a male silkworm moth to drive a small two-wheeled vehicle to track the sex pheromone released by the female silkworm moth in the air to study the nerve and movement mechanism of the silk moth. Next, they will mimic the ability of male silk moths to track female odors, and install highly sensitive sensors on the robots to monitor leaked contaminants in the environment and trace the sources of taste.
The researchers introduced that male silkworm moths were chosen as machine drivers because they would dance a "mating dance." When they are stimulated by the sex pheromone released by the female moth, they show a completely different way of walking: a straight-legged, sinuous line with several turns and more than 360 degrees of rotation. The author of the paper, Ando Dekang of the University of Tokyo, said: "The behavior of male silk moths tracking odors is simple and effective, which allows us to comprehensively analyze the neural mechanisms from individual neurons to the overall tracking behavior, and then imitate this machine manufacturing. An 'artificial brain', mounted on a mobile robot, is equivalent to the 'insect control' machine we are studying now."
There is a freely moving polystyrene ball at the front of the machine that controls the car as a whole, just like a small ball in a computer mouse. The researchers attached silkworm moths to the ball. There are also two 40mm fans in front of the car, which can blow the sex pheromone contained in the air to the silk moth, just as the wings of the silk moth keep patping the air to pass its ultra-sensitive smell "antenna".
In the experiment, the researchers used a 1800 mm long air duct to place pheromones and machine carts at the ends of the duct. They tested 14 silk moths, all of which successfully guided the robot to the source. They also conducted a turn experiment to change the power of one of the two motors of the machine so that it would turn to one side during the movement, and the silk moth must constantly adjust its direction and change its position to reach its destination.
“The best way to trigger insects to adjust behavior is to put them in a special position. The turn is to simulate the situation where people are riding on an unbalanced bicycle. We have to practice to ride this bike smoothly, but the silk moth relies only on The feeling of simplicity and quickness - motion feedback overcomes the disadvantageous position," Ando said.
It is important to study the time delay between the movement of the silk moth and the start of the machine, because in the future when the robot is tracking the odor, the chemical sensor mounted on it requires a short reaction and processing time. Ando explained: "Most chemical sensors, such as semiconductor sensors, have a slow recovery time and cannot detect the dynamic changes of odors in real time. When applying this insect sensing-motion system to artificial systems, these results are the choice of sensors and An important indicator of the model."
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