The general trend of the development of information and communication networks is the broadband, integration and ubiquity of the network. It is currently in an important transformation period of information and communication technology. Major technologies such as switching, transmission, data, and wireless are undergoing major technological changes. The driving force of technology is becoming stronger and stronger. Various new technologies are combined with each other in network applications to jointly promote the development and evolution of networks and services. Technologies such as next-generation Internet IPV6 will be accelerated to meet the urgent needs of the development of information networks, and to meet the needs of Internet of Things sensors, information appliances, and control devices to become application terminals for access to communication networks.
With the rapid expansion of the traditional Internet, solving the problem of IPV4 address exhaustion and accelerating the construction and deployment of the next generation Internet have become an urgent need. Mobile network 2G / 3G coexistence By the end of 2015, LTE is likely to be commercialized in two or three years; the traditional broadband access based on copper cables is transformed into fiber-based access, fiber-to-the-home access, mobile Internet Access (WLAN, WIMAX, HSPA) will coexist for a period of time, and access technologies related to LTE will be applied on a large scale; the transmission rate of basic transmission, data network and access network will increase by an order of magnitude, reliability and quality of service ( QOS) will be greatly enhanced, communication network information security has received unprecedented attention and technical guarantee, and the application of mobile Internet will be more extensive. The important development trends of ICT are:
1. Broadband access
During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, broadband access represented by DSL (including ADSL2 + and VDSL2) has been widely used. In some areas, fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) has become the main form of broadband access. GPON is becoming the mainstream technology of fixed-line broadband, and its large split ratio of ports can still ensure that the upstream and downstream bandwidth supports 100Mbps per user, and the passive optical network can support the growing bandwidth demand of users for a long period of time. The broadbandization of fixed and wireless access to communication networks has become a trend. With the rapid expansion of radio and television broadband networks and wireless broadband technologies (WLAN, WIMAX, LTE, etc.) into the broadband access market, broadband access methods will tend to be diversified. The three-dimensional heterogeneous network with modular and cascading coverage will work together to improve the user's application experience.
2. Mobile Internet
From the perspective of the global technology development cycle, the mobile Internet era has now entered, and the development speed of the mobile Internet is significantly faster than that of the desktop Internet. The mobile Internet inherits the characteristics of open collaboration on the desktop Internet, and inherits the characteristics of the mobile network's immediacy, convenience, recognition, and location. Mobile Internet architecture includes: terminal hardware and software platform, network platform and application service platform. The terminal software platform has become the main key to the development and competition of the mobile Internet.
3.IPv6
The exhaustion of IPv4 addresses in many regions of the world will force operators and enterprises of various countries to accelerate their transition to IPv6, and IPv6 addresses have become an important resource for the next generation Internet. IPv6 not only provides a nearly unlimited address space, but also improves the overall throughput of the network, greatly improves the quality of service (QoS), enhances network security, and lays the foundation for the development of the "Internet of Things". But IPv6 is not compatible with IPv4, which is about to be exhausted. The network operator's near-term goal is to support both protocols and convert between them. At present, some standards of IPv6 are not finalized. Devices and software supporting IPv6 require a considerable amount of research and development and certification, which affects the large-scale deployment and application of IPv6. The national next-generation Internet project has achieved demonstration results and prepared corresponding hardware and software for the smooth transition from IPv4 to IPv6.
4. Fixed mobile convergence
With the ubiquity of IP multimedia applications, the majority of end users want to use a multi-functional mobile terminal, no matter where they move, and under what access method, they can use the original communication services. Without being restricted by access methods. In terms of business settlement, we hope to include all billing details of all businesses on one bill. The user's demand for business integration requires not only the integration at the terminal level, but also the integration at the business level. In recent years, the global communications industry has been paying more and more attention to fixed mobile convergence (FMC). The IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) network architecture has been adopted by mainstream telecom standardization organizations such as ITU-T, 3GPP, 3GPP2, and TISPAN.
5. Next Generation Transport Network
Large capacity, multi-service, optical networking and intelligence are the development trends of metropolitan transport networks. The next generation transport network is oriented to meet the transport needs of the next generation network. Combined with the next-generation network based on packet technology, it can provide a variety of services including telecommunications services. Its service-related functions are separated from the transport-layer transport-related functions. It can take advantage of multiple broadband and QoS support capabilities. The next-generation transport network technology provides sufficient bandwidth resources; it has end-to-end service levels and transparent transmission capabilities; the next-generation transport network introduces a control plane to solve the combination of network intelligence and dynamics while providing the ability to interoperate with traditional networks. The next-generation core transmission network represented by OTN is good at transmitting a large number of large-grain services, and has become the main core transmission equipment during the planning period.
6.4G
The fourth generation mobile communication (4G) integrates multiple wireless access technologies and can transmit high-quality video images, which is 200 times faster than the current ADSL and 50 times faster than the usual 3G. 4G provides more effective multiple services, and achieves seamless connection and compatibility with commercial wireless networks, local area networks, Bluetooth, radio, television satellite communications, etc. 4G has higher data rate and spectrum utilization, higher security, intelligence and flexibility, higher transmission quality and quality of service (QoS). The 4G system is an all-IP network, reflecting the development trend of the convergence of mobile and wireless access networks and IP networks. The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is currently formulating international standards for 4G systems. The enhanced TD-LTE-Advanced developed by China for TD-LTE has been identified as one of the three major 4G international standards by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) in 2010.
7. Cloud Media TV
Cloud Media TV introduces the most advanced technologies such as cloud computing technology, experience technology, and multimedia communication. It uses integrated media such as video, voice, and data to integrate TV, newspapers, radio, and the Internet to provide users with integrated broadcast TV. , Interactive TV, TV Internet, visual communication, video value-added services, full-service, full-service. Cloud Media TV is far from simply "TV" in a simple sense. Rather, it is a multimedia integrated information service platform. TV Internet access, TV newspaper reading, online games, TV shopping, video calling, etc. can all be on TV To achieve. The birth of cloud media TV marked the end of the "watching TV" era and the official arrival of the "using TV" era. Based on the interactive set-top box and cloud computing intelligent platform, develop a new type of integrated TV application.
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