Machine vision is to use the machine instead of the human eye to make various measurements and judgments. It is an important branch of computer science, which integrates technologies in optics, machinery, electronics, computer hardware and software, and involves many fields such as computer, image processing, pattern recognition, artificial intelligence, signal processing, opto-mechanical integration, etc. The rapid development of image processing and pattern recognition technologies has greatly promoted the development of machine vision industry applications.
With the development of modern industrial automation, machine vision is widely used in various inspections, measurements and parts identification, such as automotive parts size inspection and automatic assembly integrity inspection, electronic assembly line components automatic positioning, beverage bottle caps Printing quality inspection, barcode and character recognition on product packaging, etc. The common characteristics of these applications are continuous mass production and very high requirements for appearance quality.
Usually this kind of highly repetitive and intelligent work can only be done by manual inspection. We often see hundreds or even thousands of inspection workers performing this process behind the modernized assembly lines of some factories. While the factory increases huge labor costs and management costs, it still cannot guarantee a 100% inspection pass rate (ie, "zero defects"), and today's competition among enterprises has not allowed even 0.1% defects to exist. At this time, people began to consider combining the rapidity, reliability, and repeatability of the computer with the highly intelligent and abstract capabilities of human vision, resulting in machine vision.
The characteristics of machine vision are automation, objectivity, non-contact and high precision. Compared with image processing systems in the general sense, machine vision emphasizes accuracy and speed, as well as reliability in industrial field environments.
Its largest application industries are: automotive, pharmaceutical, electronics and electrical, manufacturing, packaging / food / beverage, medicine. Such as the inspection accuracy of automobile instrument panel processing, the rapid positioning of electronic components on the high-speed placement machine, the inspection of the number of pins, the recognition of the characters printed on the surface of the IC, the inspection of the capsule wall thickness and appearance defects in the production of capsules, bearings Inspection of the number and damage of balls during production, identification of production date on food packaging, and inspection of label placement.
The machine vision market has developed rapidly in recent years. High-speed, miniaturized, low-power, and intelligent integration have become industry trends, and integration trends in industrial automation systems and other related fields have become increasingly apparent. At present, the application of machine vision systems is booming in the world, and in China, industrial vision systems are still in the concept introduction period. After solving the problem of production automation, leading companies in various industries have begun to turn their attention to visual measurement automation.
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