OLED lighting has become a hot topic in the solid-state lighting industry. For a time, "OLED will replace LED", "LED general trend is gone", "OLED can't shake the status of LED for the time being", "OLED wants to change the life of LED" and other views emerge one after another. Of course, there are also many voices that decay OLED lighting. In short, the topic of LED and OLED PK has become very popular. So, in the field of solid-state lighting, is LED better than OLED?
Square: LED industrialization is more competitive
Theoretically, LED lighting can last for 100,000 hours, and the luminous efficiency of LED chips can reach more than 120lm / W, compared with which, OLEDs do not have an advantage.
Paying attention to a new technology and new product should not only pay attention to the technology or the product itself, but also value its future industrial development. The industrial development of solid-state lighting is closely related to factors such as cost, life span, and light efficiency. Of course, these factors also have a causal relationship with the technology itself. Those who emphasize the competitive strength of LED lighting and sullen OLED lighting have nothing more than to make a fuss about these factors.
For cost, the price of LED packaging grade is 5 dollars / klm, the price of integral lamps is 20 dollars to 100 dollars per klm, and OLED is much more expensive than this. Some people think that at the price point of $ 300 to $ 500 / klm (panel level), including the cost of lamp design, OLED is not a cost-effective option. Although OLED suppliers usually position their products in the professional market, high prices will still hinder market development. Of course, the OLED price problem is still attributed to the technical level, and the encapsulation layer (barrier, adhesion and sealing) and integrated substrate (transparent conductive layer, substrate and light exit layer) are still the main cost drivers.
Regarding the lifespan, people in the industry believe that LED lighting can theoretically last for 100,000 hours. Of course, there are problems such as heat generation affecting life and light decay during use, and the lifespan of OLED devices is seriously insufficient, generally only 5000 ~ 8000 hours. OLED lighting If the application is to be popularized, it must further increase its life. The initial goal is to reach the level of fluorescent lamps, that is, 20,000 hours, and the future goal is to reach 50,000 hours. To achieve this goal, there must be a major breakthrough in materials. And further improve the device structure and process level.
For light efficiency, the LED chip luminous efficiency can reach more than 120lm / W. When additional lamps are added, the actual efficiency may drop to about 60 ~ 70lm / W under the influence of the lampshade, light scattering and other devices; OLED lighting can only do at present To 30 ~ 50lm / W, some people say the highest is 60lm / W. However, there is still a large gap between the two.
Opposite: OLED lighting will emerge suddenly
OLED lighting is a continuous spectrum, there is no UV problem at all, the light is more natural and soft, and it will hardly hurt people's eyesight.
The surface light source is a unique "label" of OLED lighting. Around this feature, it also derives many advertised advantages. For example, in the design of lamps and lanterns, LED heat generation is concentrated, and an additional lampshade, heat dissipation device, or light scattering device is required, and the lamp design is relatively complicated. The flat light source characteristics of OLED, in addition to being suitable for various types of lamp design, the heat dissipation performance is also better, without the need to install additional heat dissipation components and increase the cost of the lamp. If a flexible substrate is used, OLED will become a flexible surface light source, which is believed to be favored by many designers to create more imaginative lamp forms. Because it is a surface light source, OLED lighting has high potential for large-area light emission, and its size is also very advantageous.
The impact on people's eyesight is another key factor for discussion. In this regard, OLED is superior. OLED lighting is a continuous spectrum, you can use direct current, such natural light, its light is also softer, almost does not hurt people's eyesight. More importantly, OLED is completely free of ultraviolet rays. Most LEDs use ultraviolet light to excite visible light, and then form white light or other colored light through treatment. If the component is exposed in the ultraviolet treatment, it will cause damage to the human eye. The solar-like OLED devices currently developed can be widely used in daytime and nighttime lighting scenarios. OLEDs have ultra-high color rendering design, and their color temperature performance and color rendering can also change the performance characteristics of lamp lighting through different processes or voltages.
From the perspective of the industry chain, some industry insiders believe that the OLED industry chain is shorter and the integration capability is stronger. Their reason is that for the upstream of the OLED industry chain, they are suppliers of materials and components, such as organic semiconductor materials, electrode materials, substrate materials, and light extraction materials. Substrate suppliers are likely to integrate electrode materials and light extraction materials with substrates to provide complete substrate solutions to midstream panel manufacturers. This not only simplifies the process, but also reduces costs. For the midstream, it is the field of panel manufacturing. Because the organic semiconductor materials used in OLED devices have relatively low environmental tolerance, OLED panel manufacturers also assume the responsibility of packaging, which is different from the LED lighting industry. It is still independent. Although vertical integration has been surging in the LED field, it is still not as natural as OLED chips and packaging. For the downstream, because the design of OLED lamps is more flexible, downstream lamp manufacturers can design and develop according to different lighting needs. Therefore, the integration capability of the OLED lighting industry chain is stronger.
Conclusion: It is not the Yuliang dispute but the complementary symbiosis
LED has entered the field of general lighting, and OLED is also mainly used in the field of special lighting, and then will enter high-end offices, commercial facilities and high-end residential.
For OLED lighting and LED lighting, which one is better or worse, in fact, more people think that the two will "do their own jobs", coexist and develop together. From the perspective of lighting requirements, LEDs are spot-lit and have concentrated lighting. They are more eye-catching when used in outdoor environments and are suitable for local area lighting, advertising signs, and traffic warning signs. OLED is surface-emitting, and the light is soft and even, and the effect is better indoors. Both have their own advantages.
In terms of applications, LEDs have made significant inroads into the field of general lighting. As the OLED industry is still in its infancy, the first stage of OLED lighting is still special lighting applications, followed by high-level office, commercial facilities and high-end residential lighting, and the real step into the general lighting market depends on the next step of technological development. "OLED is a supplement to LED. From the current technical point of view, OLED has to replace general lighting, and there is a technical bottleneck. If you can do anything else, there are still certain limitations in real home lighting. Technology investment continues to be tackled. "Peter Laier, chief technology officer of OSRAM GmbH, told reporters.
In fact, at present, many international giants not only vigorously develop LED lighting products, but also invest heavily in OLED research and development, and have mass production of products. Among them, in addition to hope that they can occupy the commanding heights in the future technical field, I believe that the company's senior management is optimistic about the development prospects of both.
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