Tianzhou No. 1 can be described as a success! The successful completion of three propellant on-orbit replenishment tests and a number of on-orbit autonomous docking tests of Tianzhou No. 1 not only completed all the scheduled tasks but also completed a number of expansion tasks, this time controlled in the South Pacific waters.

The Tianzhou-1 cargo spacecraft was launched into orbit on April 20, 2017. It has been running stably for 5 months. After the launch of Tianzhou No.1, it will automatically rendezvous and dock with the Tiangong-2 Space Laboratory to form a combination. After the month of the combined flight, the flight and rendezvous and docking were completed on June 19. On June 21, the evacuation of Tiangong 2 was transferred to the independent flight phase.

At 20:17 on September 16, Tiantan No. 1 cargo spacecraft and Tiangong No. 2 Space Laboratory successfully completed the third and the last propellant on-orbit addition test before the derailment, further consolidating the relevant technical achievements.

In this additional test, the Tianzhou No. 1 cargo spacecraft took about 3 days according to the dynamic evaluation results of the propellant usage and the follow-up tasks of the Tiangong No. 2 Space Laboratory.

At 16:15 on September 17, after nearly five months of flight, the Tianzhou-1 cargo spacecraft was separated from the Tiangong-2 Space Laboratory as planned, and the expansion application and related tests before the derailment were continued.

At 15:29 on September 17, the ground sent instructions, and the Tianzhou-1 cargo spacecraft was separated from the Tiangong-2 Space Laboratory. According to the procedure, Tianzhou No.1 was separated to the rear direction for 120 meters and kept in position. After the ground confirmed that the state was normal, the commander controlled the normal evacuation of Tianzhou No.1, and Tianzhou No.1 established a three-axis stable grounding attitude, at a height of about 400 kilometers. Start running independently on the near circular orbit.

Now its mission is to try our country's first implementation of controlled degeneration, and it has succeeded. At around 18:00 on September 22, Tianzhou No. 1 was controlled to derail the space after completing the space laboratory phase mission and subsequent expansion tests, and then re-entered the atmosphere.

During the operation, the Tianzhou-1 cargo spacecraft carried out a series of space science experiments and applied technology tests according to the procedures. It has verified the important key technologies such as space station cargo replenishment, propellant on-orbit addition, and independent rapid rendezvous and docking. Construction and operations management have accumulated important experience.

Previously, the Tianzhou-1 cargo spacecraft completed a number of expansion applications and related tests as planned. After the ground scientific and technical personnel conducted a scientific assessment of their flight conditions, the decision-making implementation was derailed. Under the precise control and close monitoring of the measurement and control communication system, the Tianzhou No. 1 was braked twice, the orbital height continued to drop, and finally entered the atmosphere and burned.

The controlled fall is to reduce the space junk by allowing the cargo ship to re-enter the dense atmosphere and burn it. The technical difficulty lies in the relatively accurate attitude and orbit control technology. The goal is to make the spacecraft fall into sparsely populated areas and reduce the adverse impact on the ground.

Tianzhou No.1 is the first cargo spacecraft developed by China. It adopts a two-cabin configuration and consists of a cargo compartment and a propulsion compartment. The total length is 10.6 meters, the maximum diameter of the cabin is 3.35 meters, and the maximum width of the solar panels after the deployment is 14.9 meters. About 13 tons, the cargo capacity is about 6 tons, and the maximum capacity of propellant is 2.1 tons.

According to the flight arrangement, the Tianzhou-1 cargo spacecraft operating in orbit has successfully completed all flight planning and expansion test missions, and controlled the off-track from September 22 to 23, Beijing time. This is the first time that China has implemented a controlled degeneration and successfully completed its mission.

At around 18:00 on September 22, under the precise control and close monitoring of the measurement and control communication system, Tianzhou No. 1 was braked twice, the orbital height continued to drop, and finally entered the atmosphere and burned.

154 days and 22 hours of on-orbit flight has accumulated valuable experience for the construction of China's space station. For the first time, Tianzhou No. 1 adopts the active off-track method and can be controlled to fall into the predetermined area, avoiding itself becoming space junk, avoiding uncontrollable factors in the process of derailment, and making a clean and safe space environment. Your own contribution.

At 19:41 on April 20, 2017, the Tianzhou-1 cargo spacecraft was launched at the Wenchang Space Launch Site in Hainan, China. After about 596 seconds, the spacecraft entered the orbit and the launch was a complete success.

At 12:23 on April 22, 2017, Tianzhou No. 1 cargo spacecraft and Tiangong No. 2 Space Laboratory successfully completed the automatic rendezvous and docking. This is the first time that Tiangong 2 has been rendezvous and docked with a cargo ship since its launch.

At 19:07 on April 27, 2017, Tiantan No. 1 cargo spacecraft and Tiangong No. 2 Space Laboratory successfully completed the first propellant on-orbit addition test, marking the successful completion of the Tianzhou-1 mission.

At 18:28 on June 15, 2017, Tiantan No. 1 cargo spacecraft and Tiangong No. 2 Space Laboratory successfully completed the second propellant on-track supplement test, further verifying the reliability of this key technology.

At 14:55 on June 19, 2017, the Tianzhou-1 cargo spacecraft completed the flight and the second rendezvous and docking test with the Tiangong-2 Space Laboratory. The successful completion of this test has consolidated the multi-azimuth space rendezvous technology of spacecraft, which is of great significance for the construction of the subsequent space station project.

At 23:58 on September 12, 2017, Tianzhou No. 1 cargo spacecraft successfully completed the independent rapid rendezvous and docking test with Tiangong No. 2 Space Laboratory, aiming at verifying the rapid rendezvous and docking capacity of cargo spacecraft and developing for the space station project in China. Construction lays a more solid technical foundation.

At 20:17 on September 16, 2017, the Tianzhou No. 1 cargo spacecraft and Tiangong No. 2 Space Laboratory successfully completed the third and the last propellant on-orbit addition test before the derailment - people commonly known as "space refueling" ".

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