With the rapid development of computer network technology, the storage requirements of various network servers have evolved. However, due to the different scales of commercial enterprises, the demand for network storage should also be different. Choosing improper network storage technologies will often make enterprises In the network construction blindly invest in unnecessary equipment, or cause the company's network performance is low, affect the development of enterprise information, so it is very important for commercial enterprises how to choose and use appropriate professional storage.
Currently, high-end servers use professional storage solutions such as DAS, NAS, SAN, and iscsl. These professional storage solutions use RAID arrays to provide efficient and secure storage space.
First, Direct Attached Storage (DAS)Direct-attached storage refers to the direct connection of a storage device to a server through a SCSI interface. DAS acquisition cost is low, the configuration is simple, the use process and the use of the local hard drive is not much difference, the server's requirements are only an external SCSI port, so very attractive for small businesses. However, there are also many problems in DAS: (1) The server itself becomes a system bottleneck; (2) The server fails and the data is inaccessible; (3) For a system with multiple servers, the devices are scattered and inconvenient to manage. When multiple servers use DAS at the same time, the storage space cannot be allocated dynamically between servers, which may cause considerable waste of resources. (4) Data backup operations are complicated.
Second, network attached storage (NAS)NAS is actually a storage device with a thin server. This thin server is actually a network file server. The NAS device is directly connected to the TCP/IP network, and the web server accesses the management data through the TCP/IP network. As a thin server system, NAS is easy to install and deploy, and it is also very convenient for management and use. At the same time, since the client can be allowed to access data directly in the NAS without using the server, the system overhead can be reduced for the server. NAS provides solutions for heterogeneous platforms using a unified storage system. Because NAS only needs to add a thin server system outside a basic disk array cabinet, the hardware requirements are low, the software cost is not high, and even a free LINUX solution can be used. The cost is only slightly higher than direct attached storage. The main problems with NAS are: (1) Since the stored data is transmitted through the ordinary data network, it is vulnerable to other traffic on the network. When there are other large data traffic on the network, it will seriously affect the system performance; (2) As the stored data is transmitted through the ordinary data network, it is easy to produce data leakage and other security issues; (3) storage can only be accessed by file, but not like The ordinary file system directly accesses the physical data block, which may severely affect the system efficiency in some cases. For example, a large database cannot use the NAS.
Third, the storage area network (SAN)A SAN is actually a private network that is built exclusively for storage and is independent of the TCP/IP network. At present, the general SAN provides 2Gb/S to 4Gb/S transmission rate, while the SAN network exists independently of the data network, so the access speed is fast. In addition, the SAN generally adopts high-end RAID arrays, making the performance of the SAN in several specialties. The storage program is disdainful. Because the SAN is based on a private network, it is very extensible. It is very convenient to add a certain amount of storage space to a SAN system or to add several servers that use storage space. With a SAN interface tape drive, the SAN system can conveniently and efficiently implement centralized data backup. As a new storage method, SAN is the development direction of storage technology in the future. However, it also has some shortcomings: (1) It is expensive. No matter if it is a SAN array cabinet or a SAN must, the price of the Fibre Channel switch is very expensive. Even the price of the optical channel card used on the server is not easily accepted by the small-sized commercial enterprises; (2) The optical network needs to be established separately. It is more difficult to expand in different places;
The use of dedicated storage area networks is costly, and using ordinary data networks to transfer SCSI data to achieve SAN-like functionality can significantly reduce costs while increasing system flexibility. iSCSI is a technology that utilizes an ordinary TCP/IP network to transmit SCSI data blocks originally transmitted in a storage area network. The cost of iSCSI is much lower than that of SAN. With the popularization of Gigabit networks, Gigabit networks have gradually entered the mainstream, making the speed of iSCSI not much worse than that of SANs. The main problems currently existing in iSCSI are: (1) Emerging technologies, fewer vendors provide complete solutions, and high technical requirements for managers; (2) When iSCSI data is accessed through a common network card, decoding to SCSI requires the CPU to perform operations. Increased system performance overhead. If using a dedicated iSCSI network card can reduce system performance overhead, but it will greatly increase the cost; (3) The use of data network access, access speed redundancy is affected by the network operating conditions.
From the above analysis, the following table summarizes the main differences between these four methods.
Through the above comparative study, the four options have their own advantages and disadvantages. For small-scale and more concentrated service businesses, a simple DAS solution can be used. For small and medium-sized commercial enterprises, the number of servers is relatively small, there are certain data centralized management requirements, and there is no need for large-scale database NAS solutions. For large and medium-sized businesses, SAN and iSCSI are the better choices. If you want to use the storage server is relatively centralized, and the system performance requirements are extremely high, you can consider the SAN program; for those who want to use the storage server is relatively decentralized, and the performance requirements are not very high, you can consider using iSCSI program.
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