The term default gateway, we often hear, is no stranger. But many computer novices don't understand what a default gateway is. In fact, simply put, the default network is equivalent to the IP address of your router, the correct gateway configuration can ensure that users can access the Internet.
What is the default gateway?Gateway (Gateway) is also known as the network gateway, protocol converter. The gateway is on the transport layer to implement network interconnection. It is the most complex network interconnection device and is only used for different network interconnections of two high-level protocols. Gateways can be used for both WAN and LAN interconnections.
A gateway is a computer system or device that acts as a conversion. A gateway is a translator between two systems that use different communication protocols, data formats or languages, and even completely different architectures. Unlike bridges that simply convey information, the gateway repackages the received information to suit the needs of the destination system. At the same time, the gateway can also provide filtering and security features.
Most gateways run on top of the OSI 7 layer protocol -- the application layer! Everyone knows that going from one room to another is bound to go through a door. Similarly, sending information from one network to another must also go through a “gatewayâ€, which is the gateway. As the name suggests, a gateway is a "gateway" in which a network connects to another network. A gateway is essentially an IP address that a network leads to other networks. For example, there are network A and network B. The IP address range of network A is “192.168.1.1~192. 168.1.254â€, the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0, and the IP address range of network B is “192.168.2.1~192.168. 2.254", the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0.
In the absence of a router, TCP/IP communication is not possible between the two networks. Even if the two networks are connected to the same switch (or hub), the TCP/IP protocol will be based on the subnet mask (255.255). .255.0) Determine that the hosts in the two networks are in different networks.
To achieve communication between the two networks, you must pass through the gateway. If the host in network A finds that the destination host of the data packet is not in the local network, it forwards the data packet to its own gateway, and then the gateway forwards it to the gateway of network B, and the gateway of network B forwards it to some network B. Host. The same is true for the process in which Network B forwards packets to Network A. Therefore, only by setting the IP address of the gateway, the TCP/IP protocol can realize mutual communication between different networks.
If you figure out what the gateway is, the default gateway will understand. Just like a room can have multiple doors, a host can have multiple gateways. The default gateway means that if a host cannot find an available gateway, it will send the packet to the default gateway, which will process the packet. The gateway used by the host now generally refers to the default gateway.
This is why we have to set the default gateway address in the computer to the router LAN interface address when the router is online. Because the LAN interface of the router is the gateway of your network, your computer must go online and the data must pass through the gateway. Forward it out. In a typical router network, the most common default gateways are: 192.168.1.1 and 192.168.0.1, which is the default IP address of the router's LAN interface. Of course, some smart routers will use other IP addresses as the default gateway, which is mainly set by the router manufacturer before leaving the factory.
What is the role of the default gateway?The subnet mask cannot exist alone, it must be used in conjunction with an IP address. The subnet mask has only one effect, which is to divide an IP address into two parts: the network address and the host address. The subnet mask must be set to follow certain rules. Like the IP address, the subnet mask is also 32 bits long. The left side is the network bit, which is represented by the binary digit "1"; the right side is the host bit, which is represented by the binary digit "0". Only through the subnet mask can the relationship between the subnet where one host resides and other subnets be displayed, so that the network works normally.
The term of the subnet mask is that the extended network prefix code is not an address, but it can be determined which part of the network layer address is the network number, which part is the host number, the part of 1 represents the network number, and the part with the mask of 0 represents the host. number. The function of the subnet mask is to obtain the network address information of the host IP, which is used to distinguish different situations of the host communication, thereby selecting different paths. The default subnet mask of the class A address is 255.0.0.0; the default subnet mask of the class B address is 255.255.0.0; the default subnet mask of the class C address is 255.255.255.0.
A configuration item for the TCP/IP protocol is the IP address of a directly reachable IP router. Configure the default gateway to create a default path in the IP routing table.
Given the name of the router's IP address, the machine connected to the local network must pass outgoing traffic to this address beyond the local network, making that address a "gateway" for IP addresses outside the local subnet. That is, the most commonly used gateway, when a host routing entry or network input does not exist in the local host's routing table, the packet is sent there. A gateway is a "gateway" in which a network connects to another network. According to different classification standards, there are many kinds of gateways. The gateway in the TCP/IP protocol is the most commonly used. The "gateway" we refer to here refers to the gateway under the TCP/IP protocol.
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