As an important part of the landscape, outdoor landscape lighting not only shows the means of landscape concept, but also is the main part of the space structure of people's nighttime outdoor activities. Scientific, standardized and humanized outdoor landscape lighting is of great practical significance for improving the landscape taste and external image and improving the quality of life of the owners. This management method will explain the management methods of outdoor landscape lighting from three aspects: application scope, selection requirements and installation process of landscape lighting design.
The underground light, as its name suggests, is buried in the name of the lamp because it is buried on the ground for people to illuminate. In order to play its role, the surface layer is covered with tempered glass, so that it can penetrate the entire light of the buried lamp, and it can play a strong and unrelenting role. Even if the surface of the tempered glass is broken due to aging, it is safer. Buried lamps are widely used in the field of landscape lighting. The working voltage of buried lamps is generally 220V-12V, power: 1-36W, protection level: IP65, control mode: internal control, external control, DMX512 control, lamp body There are a variety of dreamy color combinations such as round, square, rectangular, curved, monochrome, seven-color gradient, jump, etc., with colorful and glamorous lighting effects. The circular size specifications are: Φ50H80, Φ65H80, Φ320H175, Φ245H245, Φ250H250, Φ220H180, Φ185H150, Φ180H160, Φ150H160, Φ250H250, Φ290H240, Φ160H140, rectangular specifications are: Specification: 200*80*60, 650*90*H65, 800* 90*H65, 1000*90*H70, etc.
1, the scope of application
Landscape structures, essays, plants, hard paving lighting. It is mainly arranged in hard pavement lighting façade, lawn area lighting trees, etc. It is not suitable to be arranged in the lighting area of ​​the shrub area and the façade, so that the light forms too many shadows and dark areas (Figure 1-1); Arranged in the low water level or drainage area of ​​hard or lawn, so that the water will cover the lamp body after the rain; when the underground light is arranged in the lawn area (need to be the area where people often move), the glass surface is 125px cm higher than the lawn surface. So that the water after the rain does not immerse the glass surface.
2, selection requirements
Light color
Question: The noisy and false colors of colored light are not suitable for use as a living environment.
Requirements: The livable lighting environment should adopt the natural color temperature range (2000-6500K color temperature selection), and adjust the color temperature of the light according to the color of the plant. For example, the evergreen plant should use 4200K color temperature, and the red leaf type plant should adopt 3000K color temperature.
Lamp form
Problem: Plant lighting is scattered in various forms of green belts in the form of mud lamps or ground plugs, which seriously affects the green daylight landscape.
Requirement: Under the premise of not affecting the growth of plants and causing no damage to the soil and roots of the plants, the trees in the lawn area are illuminated with adjustable angles (as shown in Figure 1-5).
The choice of buried lights is based on the illuminated plants, such as the thin-branched trees, which are arranged with a set of buried lights in the roots; the lush tall trees can be arranged with one to two sets of polarized buried lights at a distance of about 3 meters; Spherical shrubs are arranged in a wide-light or astigmatic type;
Coronal asymmetrical trees are illuminated with an adjustable angle buried light (see Figure 1-6).
Lighting process
Problem: The lamp installed on the hard pavement has no chamfering and the lamp cover is higher than the paving surface, which is easy to cripple.
Requirement: Select the buried lamp with chamfered lamp cover. After installation, seal the edge of the lamp with waterproof glue or glass glue (as shown in Figure 1-8).
Glare
1-9 illuminating buried glare effects
1-10 glare effects of decorative buried lights
All illuminating buried lights (high power, illuminated facades, plants) require anti-glare measures. For example, the installation of the light-control grille, the illumination angle of the lamp is adjustable, and the asymmetric reflector is used in the lamp (as shown in Figure 1-11).
1-11 light control type grille
All decorative buried lights (small power, guiding, embellished) translucent surface need to be frosted, the beam is wide, and there is no obvious light source sensation (as shown in Figure 1-12).
1-12 grounding lamp after frosting
3. Installation process
1-13 directly installed in the lawn area
1-14 hard area buried light directly installed
Unplaced parts are not placed
Problem: The buried lamp is not directly embedded in the turf underground, and the wiring part is directly buried in the ground. At the same time, the gravel seepage layer and the sand absorbent layer are not laid under the buried lamp. If water accumulates after the rain, it will cause electricity or Short circuit phenomenon (Figure 1-13). The luminaire is not placed in the embedded part and buried directly on the hard road surface, and the luminaire adopts the aluminum lamp body. After the thermal expansion and contraction, it exceeds the diameter of the paving opening, and the expansion arches out of the ground, causing the ground to be uneven (Figure 1-14).
Requirements: Standard installation, using embedded parts. The hard pavement opening is slightly larger than the lamp body diameter but smaller than the outer diameter of the steel ring (as shown in Figure 1-15).
1-15 buried light is placed in the embedded part
Water vapor entry phenomenon:
1-16 Water vapor in the cavity of the lamp
Problem: Due to the thermal expansion and contraction of the air in the lamp cavity, the outdoor atmospheric pressure will press the humid air into the lamp cavity, which may cause the lamp to burst or short circuit.
Correct installation method:
1) During the sample feeding process, the waterproof level of the lamp must be checked to ensure IP67 or above. (Method: Put the buried lamp into the basin, the glass surface is about 5CM away from the water surface, and the power is tested for 48 hours, and the opening and closing action is performed every two hours. About six times, check the waterproof condition under the condition of heat cooling).
2) The wire connection should be sealed: the common buried lamp has a special sealing rubber ring and stainless steel firmware. First, pass the cable through the rubber ring, then tighten the stainless steel to the wire and pull out the sealing rubber ring. When the wire is connected to the lead wire, a waterproof junction box is required. After the wire is completed, the edge of the junction box is sealed or internally waxed.
3) Do underground water treatment during construction. For buried lights arranged in the lawn area, trapezoidal column-shaped embedded parts with large upper and lower mouth should be used. For hard areas, round barrel-shaped embedded parts should be used. Under each buried lamp, a permeable layer of gravel and sand is made.
4) After the buried lamp is installed, the cover is opened, and the lamp is covered for half an hour, so that the inner cavity of the lamp is kept in a certain vacuum state, and the sealing ring of the lamp cover is pressed by the outdoor atmospheric pressure.
Mini USB
Antenk mini usb:The small USB socket found on digital cameras, external hard drives, USB hubs and other equipment. Mini USB is much smaller than USB Type A and B but twice as thick as Micro USB (see illustration below).
MINI USB, also known as Mini USB, is a USB interface standard. USB is the abbreviation of universal serial bus in English, which means "universal serial bus" in Chinese. It is a technology developed for data transmission between PC and digital devices. Standard USB, MINIUSB and microusb have become the most common USB interfaces. Compared with standard USB, MINIUSB is smaller and suitable for small electronic devices such as mobile devices.
Mini USB is divided into a type, B type and ab type. Minib type 5pin interface is the most common interface. Due to its excellent anti misplug performance and small size, it is gaining the favor of many manufacturers. This interface is widely used in card readers, MP3, digital cameras and mobile hard disks.
Mini USB a, B connectors and their contacts (not drawn to scale) Mini USB Connector contact function
1 VBUS (4.4–5.25 V)
2 D−
3 D+
4 ID
5 grounding
The ID foot is only used in OTG function. The Mini USB interface is divided into mini-a, B and ab interfaces. If your system is only used as a slave, then use the B interface. The system controller will judge the level of the ID pin and determine what kind of device is inserted. If it is Gaoping, it is the B connector. At this time, the system will do slave mode. If the ID is low, it will be a interface. Then the system will use HNP dialogue protocol to decide which is the master and which is the slave
OTG is the abbreviation of on the go, that is, OTG technology is to realize the data transmission between devices without host. It is mainly used in the connection between different devices or mobile devices for data exchange. For example, the digital camera is directly connected to the printer, and through OTG technology, the USB port between two devices is connected to print out the photos taken immediately; the data in the digital camera can also be sent to the mobile hard disk of USB interface through OTG, so there is no need to carry expensive memory card or carry a portable computer for field operation.
Except for pin 4, other interface functions of Mini USB are the same as those of standard USB. The fourth needle becomes the ID, which is connected to the fifth needle on the mini-a, and can be suspended in the mini-b or connected to the fifth needle.
Mini USB
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